ABSTRACT
Toad poisoning is frequent in dogs, but has been infrequently addressed in published case reports and review articles. Dogs can be poisoned when they bite a toad or otherwise ingest the venom. The venom effects manifest soon after the accident, since the toxin is rapidly absorbed by the mucous membrane of the digestive system. Hospital records of three dogs, diagnosed with toad poisoning, were retrospectively reviewed from January 2005 to July 2007. Poisoned dogs may present only local irritation or systemic signs in the gastrointestinal, cardiac and neurological systems. All three cases presented herein had clinical signs of gastrointestinal alterations including vomiting, sialorrhea and diarrhea. Two dogs developed abnormal cardiac rhythm and two exhibited neurological signs. A poisoned animal requires emergency care and symptomatic therapy with intense monitoring of its clinical parameters. Although there have been reports on the low mortality of dogs poisoned by toads, one animal died even after appropriate therapy. The severity of clinical signs and the risk of death must be considered by the veterinarian.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Dogs , Amphibian Venoms/toxicityABSTRACT
Los patólogos Médicos y Odontólogos reciben fragmentos mineralizados para que los mismos establezcan su origen, si se trata de dientes humanos o de animales. Estos materiales no permiten la clasificación de la especie cuando los caracteres anatómicos diferenciales se encuentran fragmentados o deteriorados por agentes físicos o químicos. Situación ésta donde se tornan necesarios exámenes histomorfológicos para tal clasificación. El objetivo del presente trabajo es proporcionar soporte científico al estudio de los fragmentos mineralizados, cuando es necesario establecer el origen e individualidad de los mismos. Para el siguiente estudio fueron utilizados cortes histológicos, longitudinales y transversales, por desgaste del esmalte, dentina y cemento dentario de cada mamífero estudiado, y analizados por medio de microscopía de luz. Los resultados demuestran con claridad y precisión que el análisis histomorfológico de las estructuras citadas posibilita la identificación y diferenciación de los géneros estudiados o excluyen la posibilidad de fragmentos dentarios examinados pertenecer al género Homo sapiens.
Pathologist and forensic odontologist receive mineralized fragments to identify their origin, if human or animal teeth. These structures dont permit the classification of the species when the differential anatomical characters are fragmented or deteriorated by physical or chemical agents, where histomorphological studies are needed for such classification. The purpose of this study is to provide scientifical support to study the mineralized fragments, when it comes to the necessity of the establishment of the origin and individuality of them. For the present study longitudinal and transversal histological cuts by abrasion of the enamel, dentin and cement were utilized and analyzed by means of microscopy. The results have clearly and accurately shown that the histomorphologic analysis of the above-mentioned structures makes either possible to identify and differentiate the gender studied or to exclude the possibility that the dental fragment may belong to the gender Homo sapiens.
ABSTRACT
A doenca de Parkinson (DP) e uma doenca cronico-degenerativa do sistema nervoso central que afeta 1 em cada 1.000 pessoas acima de 65 anos e 1 em cada 100 acima de 75 anos. Individuos com DP apresentam bradicinesia, tremor, rigidez, diminuicao da forca muscular e da aptidao fisica, alteracoes cognitivas, tendencia ao isolamento e depressao. tais alteracoes favorecem o sedentarismo, a dependencia e a piora na qualidade de vida (QV). Objetivos: avaliar o impacto de um programa de fortalecimento muscular e condicionamento aerobico na funcao e na QV de parkinsonianos. Metodos: dezoito inddividuos classificados nos estagios 1 a 3 da escala Hoehn e Yahr e com idade de 60,94 +- 10,35 anos participaram do programa, 3 vezes por semana, durante 12 semanas. A avaliacao clinico funcional foi realizada por meio da Unified Parkinson`s Disease Scale (UPDRS) e a QV, pelo Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). A UPDRS avaliou a atividade mental, comportamento e humor; atividades de vida diaria (AVD); e as atividades motoras. O NHP avaliou a QV, considerando o bem-estar fisico, social e emcional. Resultados: observou-se melhoras significativas nas AVD (p=0,004), nas atividades motoras (p=0,009), na UPDRS total (p=0,001). Houve correlacao significativa entre ganho obtido na UPDRS total e o obtido no NHP (r=0,61; p=0,01) e entre o ganho na dimensao AVD com o do NPH (r=0,82; p=0,01). Conclusao: este estudo mostrou que o programa utilizado teve impacto positivo na melhoria da QV de parkinsonianos leve a moderadamente afetados